Kaum txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg-voltage

3.1 Vertical Integration

Cov neeg yuav khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg.Cov neeg siv nruab nrab no yuav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg, thiab tom qab ntawd sib sau ua ke rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg xws li cov hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob, lub thawv xa hluav taws xob, cov khoom tiv thaiv, thiab cov tswj vaj huam sib luag, thiab tom qab ntawd muag rau cov neeg siv.Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntsug kev koom ua ke ntawm manufacturers, intermediary manufacturers thiab Cheebtsam manufacturers txuas ntxiv mus ua ke nrog rau ib leeg: tsoos manufacturers uas tsuas tsim cov khoom kuj tau pib ua tiav cov khoom, thiab cov tsoos intermediary manufacturers kuj intervened nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov tsawg- voltage hluav taws xob Cheebtsam los ntawm acquisitions, sib koom ventures, thiab lwm yam.

3.2 Txoj Kev Siv Txoj Kev Siv thiab Txoj Kev txhawb nqa thoob ntiaj teb

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kuv lub teb chaws "Ib Txoj Kev Siv, Ib Txoj Kev" lub tswv yim yog los txhawb Tuam Tshoj cov peev txheej tsim tawm thiab cov peev txheej tsim tawm.Yog li ntawd, raws li ib qho ntawm kuv lub teb chaws cov kev lag luam ua lag luam, txoj cai thiab kev txhawb nqa nyiaj txiag yuav pab cov teb chaws raws txoj hauv kev kom nrawm rau kev tsim cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob, thiab tib lub sijhawm qhib kev lag luam dav rau kuv lub teb chaws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xa tawm.Cov teb chaws Es Xias Qab Teb, Central thiab South Asia, West Asia, Africa, Latin America thiab lwm lub teb chaws tau rov qab los ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob.Nrog rau lub teb chaws txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev siv hluav taws xob nce, kev tsim hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau nrawm dua.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv hauv tsev hauv peb lub tebchaws yog rov qab los ntawm kev siv tshuab, vam khom rau kev xa khoom, thiab tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv hauv zos.Yog li ntawd, Suav tuam txhab lag luam yuav nrawm nrawm ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Txoj Kev Siv thiab Txoj Kev Pib.Lub xeev yeej ib txwm txuas ntxiv qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xa tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg, thiab tau muab txoj cai txhawb nqa thiab txhawb nqa, xws li kev xa tawm cov se rov qab, so ntawm ntshuam thiab xa tawm txoj cai, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, txoj cai tswjfwm hauv tebchaws rau kev xa tawm. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg yog qhov zoo heev.

3.3 Hloov ntawm qhov siab mus rau nruab nrab thiab siab siab

Nyob rau hauv 5 mus rau 10 xyoo, lub low-voltage hluav taws xob kev lag luam yuav paub qhov transformation ntawm tsawg-voltage mus rau nruab nrab-high-voltage, analog cov khoom rau cov khoom siv, cov khoom muag kom tiav cov txheej txheem, nruab nrab-kawg mus rau nruab nrab-siab. -kawg, thiab kev nce qib hauv concentration.Nrog rau kev nce ntawm cov khoom siv thauj khoom loj thiab kev siv hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv, txhawm rau txo qhov poob ntawm txoj kab, ntau lub teb chaws tau txhawb nqa 660V voltage hauv cov mining, roj av, tshuaj thiab lwm yam lag luam.Lub International Electrotechnical Commission kuj xav kom 660V thiab 1000V raws li kev lag luam dav dav-lub hom phiaj voltages, thiab 660V tau siv dav hauv kuv lub teb chaws kev lag luam mining.Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg-voltage yuav ntxiv qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, yog li hloov qhov qub "cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nruab nrab".Lub rooj sib tham hauv Mannheim, lub teb chaws Yelemees kuj tau pom zoo kom nce qib qis voltage rau 2000V.

3.4 Tsim-oriented, innovation-driven

Cov tuam txhab siv hluav taws xob tsawg-voltage hauv tsev feem ntau tsis muaj kev ywj pheej txaus rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab tsis muaj kev sib tw ua lag luam siab.Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev txhim kho, tab sis kuj los ntawm tag nrho cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub cev, thiab los ntawm cov kab ke mus rau tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev tswj cov khoom, los ntawm lub zog tam sim no mus rau qhov tsis muaj zog tam sim no. daws.Lub cim tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, kev ua haujlwm ntau, me me, kev ntseeg siab, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntsuab, txuag hluav taws xob thiab txuag cov khoom siv.Ntawm lawv, cov tiam tshiab ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb, cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nrog cov kev tiv thaiv xaiv muab lub hauv paus rau kuv lub teb chaws cov hluav taws xob qis hluav taws xob kom ua tiav ntau yam (xws li lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob) thiab cov khoom siv tam sim no. xaiv kev tiv thaiv, thiab muab lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg-voltage.Kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab nws muaj kev loj hlob dav dav hauv kev lag luam nruab nrab mus rau qib siab [4].Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tiam tshiab ntawm contactors, tiam tshiab ntawm ATSE, ib tiam tshiab ntawm SPD thiab lwm yam dej num tseem tab tom tsim, ntxiv dag zog rau kev ua lag luam kom nquag txhawb kev ywj pheej innovation hauv kev lag luam thiab ua kom muaj kev txhim kho qis. -voltage hluav taws xob kev lag luam.

3.5 Digitization, networking, txawj ntse, thiab kev sib txuas

Kev siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tau txhaj tshuaj tshiab tseem ceeb rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg.Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm uas txhua yam yog kev cob cog rua thiab txhua yam yog ntse, nws yuav ua rau ib tug tshiab "khoov" ntawm tsawg-voltage khoom.Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis qis ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov kev hloov pauv no, thiab yuav ua tus txuas ntawm txhua yam, txuas tag nrho cov Islands tuaj ntawm txhua yam thiab txhua tus mus rau ib qho kev sib koom ua ke.Txhawm rau kom paub txog kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis thiab lub network, peb cov tswv yim feem ntau tau txais yuav.Thawj yog los tsim cov khoom siv sib txuas tshiab, uas txuas nrog lub network thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg;Qhov thib ob yog kom muab los yog nce lub computer networking interface ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj;qhov thib peb yog ncaj qha tsim kho computer interfaces thiab kev sib txuas lus ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab.
3.6 Lub cim thib plaub ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg yuav dhau los ua lub hauv paus

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis qis thib plaub tsis yog tsuas yog tau txais cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom thib peb, tab sis kuj ua rau cov yam ntxwv ntse.Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo kawg nkaus xws li kev ua haujlwm siab, kev ua haujlwm ntau, miniaturization, kev ntseeg siab, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntsuab, txuag hluav taws xob thiab txuag cov khoom siv.Cov khoom tshiab yuav muaj tseeb tsav thiab ua rau daim ntawv thov thiab kev txhim kho ntawm ib puag ncig tshiab ntawm cov thev naus laus zis thiab cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob qis, thiab tseem yuav ua kom nce qib ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg.Qhov tseeb, kev sib tw hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis qis hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws yeej ib txwm ua nruj heev.Nyob rau hauv lub lig 1990s, txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm peb-tiam low-voltage hluav taws xob khoom nyob rau hauv kuv lub teb chaws coincided nrog rau kev ua tiav thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm peb-tiam low-voltage hluav taws xob khoom.Schneider, Siemens, ABB, GE, Mitsubishi, Moeller, Fuji thiab lwm yam loj txawv teb chaws tsis muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob manufacturers successively launched plaub-tiam khoom.Cov khoom lag luam muaj kev ua tiav tshiab hauv kev qhia txog kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam, cov qauv khoom thiab kev xaiv cov khoom siv, thiab kev siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab.Yog li ntawd, kev nrawm rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub cim thib plaub ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis hauv kuv lub teb chaws yuav yog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev lag luam rau lub sijhawm yav tom ntej.

3.7 Txoj Kev Txhim Kho Cov Khoom Siv Tshuab thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm

Tam sim no, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, kev ntseeg siab, miniaturization, digitalization, modularization, kev sib xyaw ua ke, hluav taws xob, kev txawj ntse, kev sib txuas lus, thiab kev nthuav dav ntawm cov khoom.Muaj ntau cov cuab yeej tshiab uas cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg, xws li kev tsim cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no, microelectronic technology, computer technology, network technology, kev sib txuas lus technology, kev txawj ntse technology, kev ntseeg siab technology, kev sim technology, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau cov cuab yeej tshiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv overcurrent.Nws yuav pib hloov lub tswv yim ntawm kev xaiv qis-voltage Circuit Court breaker.Tam sim no, txawm hais tias kuv lub teb chaws cov hluav taws xob qis hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob muaj kev xaiv kev tiv thaiv, kev xaiv kev tiv thaiv tsis tiav.Lub cim tshiab ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob qis hluav taws xob tawm tswv yim txog kev tiv thaiv tag nrho tam sim no thiab kev tiv thaiv tag nrho.

3.8 Kev hloov pauv kev lag luam

Tsawg-voltage hluav taws xob cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj peev xwm tsim kho tshiab, cov khoom tsim khoom siv tshuab, kev tsim khoom muaj peev xwm thiab cov khoom siv yuav raug tshem tawm hauv kev lag luam hloov tshiab.Cov lag luam nrog lub thib peb thiab plaub tiam ntawm nruab nrab thiab high-end low-voltage hluav taws xob cov khoom, nrog rau lawv tus kheej innovation muaj peev xwm thiab advanced manufacturing khoom yuav sawv tawm nyob rau hauv kev sib tw ua lag luam.Lwm cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav sib txawv ua ob theem ntawm kev tshwj xeeb me me thiab kev nthuav dav loj.Lub qub yog positioned raws li ib tug ua lag luam muab tub lim thiab yuav txuas ntxiv mus consolidate nws cov kev lag luam khoom lag luam;tom kawg yuav txuas ntxiv nthuav dav nws txoj kev lag luam, txhim kho nws cov khoom kab, thiab siv zog los muab cov neeg siv nrog cov kev pab cuam ntau dua.Qee cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tawm hauv kev lag luam thiab nkag mus rau lwm cov lag luam uas tam sim no tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau dua.

3.9 Kev txhim kho kev taw qhia ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg-voltage

Nrog rau kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg, cov txheej txheem yuav maj mam txhim kho.Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob yuav tshwm sim hauv cov khoom ntse, nrog rau kev sib txuas lus, tsim kev ntseeg siab, thiab tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab txuag hluav taws xob.Nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog txoj kev loj hlob, plaub cov qauv kev kawm yuav tsum tau kawm sai: cov qauv kev qhia uas tuaj yeem npog qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab, suav nrog kev ua haujlwm, kev siv, thiab kev saib xyuas;kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom ua tau zoo thiab kev sib txuas lus yuav tsum tau ua.Kev sib raug zoo;tsim kom muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab kev sim cov qauv rau cov khoom muaj feem xyuam los txhim kho cov khoom lag luam kev ntseeg tau thiab cov khoom zoo, thiab ua kom muaj peev xwm sib tw nrog cov khoom txawv teb chaws;tsim ib tug series ntawm ib puag ncig kev paub txog kev tsim qauv thiab cov qauv kev siv hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg, kev qhia thiab Txuj Ci kev tsim khoom thiab kev tsim hluav taws xob txuag hluav taws xob thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg "cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntsuab" [5].

3.10 Kev hloov pauv ntsuab

Kev hloov pauv ntsuab ntawm cov pa roj carbon tsawg, txuag hluav taws xob, txuag cov khoom siv thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig tau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau lub ntiaj teb.Cov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb thoob ntiaj teb uas sawv cev los ntawm kev hloov pauv huab cua tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob qis hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob txuag hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua thaj tsam ntawm thaj tsam kub thiab kub ntawm kev sib tw thev naus laus zis.Rau cov neeg siv zoo tib yam, ntxiv rau qhov zoo thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg, lawv tau them nyiaj ntau dua rau kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom.Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li txoj cai, lub xeev kuj tau tsim cov kev cai rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev txuag hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob siv los ntawm cov tuam txhab thiab cov neeg siv khoom siv hauv tsev.Nws yog cov qauv dav dav los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntsuab thiab txuag hluav taws xob nrog cov kev sib tw tseem ceeb thiab muab cov neeg siv khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb, ntse dua thiab kev daws teeb meem hluav taws xob ntsuab.Kev tshwm sim ntawm lub kiv puag ncig ntsuab coj ob qho tib si kev sib tw thiab lub sijhawm rau cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob qis [5].